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Ge

Germanium is a chemical element with the symbol Ge and atomic number 32. This lustrous, hard, silver-white metalloid is chemically similar to tin. Germanium forms a large number of organometallic compounds and is an important semiconductor material used in transistors. It is named after the country of Germany.

Germanium is a hard, grayish-white element that has a metallic luster and the same crystal structure as diamond. Germanium is a semiconductor. In its pure state, this metalloid is crystalline, brittle and retains its lustre in air at room temperature. Zone refining techniques have led to the production of crystalline germanium for semiconductors that have an impurity of only one part in 1010. Along with gallium, bismuth, antimony and water, it is one of the few substances that expands as it solidifies (i.e. freezes) from its molten state. Germanium releases high energy electrons if bombarded with alpha particles and is used in combination with radon for the nuclear batteries patented by Bruce Perreault.

TECHNICAL DATA
SymbolGeDensity (20°C)/gcm-35.323
Atomic number32Melting point /°C945
No. of naturally occurring isotopes5Boiling point /°C2850
Atomic weight72.59(+/-3)ΔHvap/kJmol-136.8
Electronic configuration[Ar]3d10ΔHmonoatomic gas/kJmol-1328
Covalent radius/pm IV122.3ΔHf(monoatomic gas)/kJmol-1283
Ionic radius(6-coordinate)/pm IV53Band gap Eg/kJ mol-164.2
Ionic radius(6-coordinate)/pm II73Ionization energy/kJmol-1 I761.2
Electrical resistivity
Ionization energy/kJmol-1 II1537
(20°C)/μohm cm~47Ionization energy/kJmol-1 III3301.2
Electronegativity χ1.8Ionization energy/kJmol-1 IV4409.4
EVAPORATION TECHNIQUES
Temperature (oC) @Vap. PressureTechniquesRemarks
10-8Torr10-6Torr10-4TorrElectron BeamCrucibleCoilBoat
8129571167ExcellentQuartz & Al2O3-Tungsten, Graphite & TantalumExcellent films from EB sources. Use .040” W. n= 4.01.



Ge
Sputtering Targets
Matierial SymbolAtomic Number     Thermal Conductivity         Theoretical Density 
W/m.K           g/cc
Germanium_GeGe32605.35
Evaporation Materials
Matierial SymbolAtomic Number     Thermal Conductivity         Theoretical Density 
W/m.Kg/cc
Ge ( pieces )Ge32605.35



Below is the periodic table of chemical elements.The elements in red are the ones Nexteck's product contain. Click them, you will come to the details.

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